R for Reproducible Scientific Analysis: All Images

Creating Publication-Quality Graphics with ggplot2

Figure 1

Blank plot, before adding any mapping aesthetics to ggplot().

Figure 2

Plotting area with axes for a scatter plot of life expectancy vs GDP, with no data points visible.

Figure 3

Scatter plot of life expectancy vs GDP per capita, now showing the data points.

Figure 4

Binned scatterplot of life expectancy versus year showing how life expectancy has increased over time

Figure 5

Binned scatterplot of life expectancy vs year with color-coded continents showing value of 'aes' function — Binned scatterplot of life expectancy vs year with color-coded continents showing value of ‘aes’ function

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Scatter plot of life expectancy vs GDP per capita with a trend line summarising the relationship between variables. The plot illustrates the possibilities for styling visualisations in ggplot2 with data points enlarged, coloured orange, and displayed without transparency.

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Figure 12

Scatterplot of GDP vs life expectancy showing logarithmic x-axis data spread

Figure 13

Scatter plot of life expectancy vs GDP per capita with a blue trend line summarising the relationship between variables, and gray shaded area indicating 95% confidence intervals for that trend line.

Figure 14

Scatter plot of life expectancy vs GDP per capita with a trend line summarising the relationship between variables. The blue trend line is slightly thicker than in the previous figure.

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Data Frame Manipulation with dplyr

Figure 1

Diagram illustrating use of select function to select two columns of a data frame If we want to remove one column only from the gapminder data, for example, removing the continent column.

Figure 2

Diagram illustrating how the group by function oraganizes a data frame into groups

Figure 3

Diagram illustrating the use of group by and summarize together to create a new variable

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Data Frame Manipulation with tidyr

Figure 1

Diagram illustrating the difference between a wide versus long layout of a data frame

Figure 2

Diagram illustrating the wide format of the gapminder data frame

Figure 3

Diagram illustrating how pivot longer reorganizes a data frame from a wide to long format

Figure 4

Diagram illustrating the long format of the gapminder data

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